Intangiriro
Gutera inshinge za plastiki na reberi bifite umwanya wingenzi mubikorwa byinganda zigezweho. Yaba ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bisanzwe mubuzima bwa buri munsi, cyangwa ibikoresho bya reberi bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinganda, tekinoroji yo gutera inshinge igira uruhare runini. Iyi ngingo igamije gucukumbura itandukaniro riri hagati yo guterwa inshinge za plastike na reberi kugirango zifashe abasomyi gusobanukirwa neza nuburyo bubiri bwingenzi bwo gukora.
Kubumba inshinge za plastike ninzira aho plastiki yashongeshejwe yinjizwa mubibumbano, bikonjeshwa kandi bigakomera kugirango bibe ibicuruzwa byihariye. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, umubare w’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikozwe mu guterwa inshinge za pulasitike ku isi ni byinshi buri mwaka. Kurugero, ibintu byinshi bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa nabakora imodoka, nkibice byimbere, bumpers, nibindi, bikozwe muburyo bwo gutera inshinge.
Rubberni ugutera ibikoresho bya reberi mubibumbano, nyuma yibirunga nibindi bikorwa, kugirango ukore ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Ibicuruzwa bya reberi bikoreshwa cyane mubinyabiziga, imashini, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki no mubindi bice. Kurugero, amapine yimodoka, kashe, nibindi, nibicuruzwa bisanzwe byo gushushanya inshinge.
Akamaro k'ibikorwa bibiri byo guterwa inshinge ntabwo ari uko gusa bishobora gukora neza ibicuruzwa bifite imiterere igoye, ariko kandi birashobora no kwemeza neza neza ubwiza bwibicuruzwa. Mugucunga neza ibipimo nkubushyuhe, umuvuduko nigihe mugihe cyo gutera inshinge, ibicuruzwa bifite uburinganire buringaniye kandi bwiza bwubuso burashobora kubyazwa umusaruro. Muri icyo gihe, izi nzira zombi nazo zifite ibyiza byo gukora neza kandi bihendutse, kandi birashobora guhaza ibikenerwa n’umusaruro munini.
Incamake yuburyo bwo gutera inshinge
(1) ihame ryimikorere no gutemba
Ihame ryibikorwa byo guterwa inshinge za pulasitike ni ukongeramo ibikoresho bya pulasitiki ya granula cyangwa ifu kuri hopper yimashini itera inshinge, ibikoresho fatizo birashyuha kandi bigashonga muburyo butemba, bigatwarwa na screw cyangwa piston yimashini itera inshinge, binyuze muri nozzle hamwe na sisitemu yo gusuka mubibumbano mumyanya yububiko, hanyuma bikonjeshwa kandi bigakomera mumyanya yububiko.
Inzira yihariye ikubiyemo intambwe zikurikira: Icya mbere, gutegura ibikoresho fatizo, ukurikije ibisabwa kubicuruzwa kugirango uhitemo ibikoresho bibisi bya plastiki bikwiye, nka polystirene isanzwe, polyethylene, polypropilene nibindi. Ibikoresho fatizo mubisanzwe bifite imikorere itandukanye, nkimbaraga, ubukana, kurwanya ubushyuhe, nibindi, kugirango bikemure ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Noneho ibikoresho fatizo byongewe kumashini yo gutera inshinge zo gushyushya no gushonga, muriki gikorwa, birakenewe kugenzura byimazeyo ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya, muri rusange, ibikoresho fatizo bya plastiki bitandukanye bifite ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo gushonga. Kurugero, ubushyuhe bwo gushonga bwa polyethylene mubusanzwe buri hagati ya 120 ° C -140 ° C, mugihe ubushyuhe bwo gushonga bwa polystirene bugera kuri 180 ° C -220 ° C.
Iyo ibikoresho bibisi bishonge kandi bigatemba, bisunikwa na screw cyangwa piston yimashini yatewe inshinge mumyanya yububiko binyuze muri nozzle hamwe na sisitemu yo gusuka. Muri ubu buryo, igitutu cyo gutera inshinge nikintu cyingenzi, kigomba kuba kinini bihagije kugirango tuneshe imbaraga zo gushonga mugihe cyo gutemba no kwemeza ko gushonga bishobora kuzuza umwobo. Muri rusange, igitutu cyo gutera inshinge kirashobora kuba hagati ya mirongo na magana.
Hanyuma, murwego rwo gukonjesha, plastike irakonjeshwa kandi igakomera mumyanya yububiko binyuze muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Uburebure bwigihe cyo gukonjesha biterwa nubwoko bwa plastiki, ubunini bwibicuruzwa nibindi bintu. Muri rusange, igihe cyo gukonjesha ibicuruzwa byoroheje ni kigufi, gishobora kuba hagati yamasegonda mirongo niminota mike; Igihe cyo gukonjesha ibicuruzwa byimbitse bizongerwa uko bikwiye.
(2) Ibiranga ibyiza
Kubumba inshinge za plastike bifite byinshi biranga nibyiza. Ubwa mbere, irashobora gukora imiterere igoye. Kuberako plastiki ifite amazi meza mumashanyarazi, irashobora kuzuzwa nu mwobo wububiko bugoye, kugirango ubyare umusaruro wa pulasitike ufite imiterere itandukanye igoye, nkibicuruzwa bifite umwobo wimbere hamwe nuburyo butandukanye.
Icya kabiri, ibisobanuro biri hejuru. Mugucunga neza ibipimo nkubushyuhe, umuvuduko nigihe mugihe cyo gutera inshinge, ibicuruzwa bifite uburinganire buringaniye burashobora kubyara umusaruro, kandi kwihanganira ibipimo birashobora kugenzurwa hagati yinsinga nkeya. Kurugero, bimwe mubicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byuzuye birashobora kugera kubisabwa murwego rwo hejuru binyuze muburyo bwo gutera inshinge.
Mubyongeyeho, ibishushanyo mbonera bya pulasitike biratandukanye, bikwiranye nuburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa. Ibice bitandukanye byo gutera inshinge birashobora gushushanywa kubicuruzwa bitandukanye ukurikije imiterere, ingano n'ibisabwa. Byongeye kandi, inshinge zishobora guterwa cyane, hamwe n’umusaruro mwinshi, kandi zirakwiriye muburyo butandukanye bwo gucuruza, nka OEM (uruganda rukora ibikoresho byumwimerere) na ODM (uwakoze ibishushanyo mbonera).
Muri icyo gihe, gushushanya inshinge za pulasitike bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere. Irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya pulasitike, uhereye kubikenerwa bya buri munsi nkibikoresho byo kumeza, ibikinisho, kugeza mubicuruzwa byinganda nkibigo byamashanyarazi, ibice byimodoka nibindi. Dukurikije imibare, hafi 70% y’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki ku isi bikozwe no kubumba inshinge.
Incamake yimashini itera imashini
(1) ihame ryimikorere no gutemba
Imashini itera inshingeni ubwoko bwa tekinoroji yo gutunganya yohereza ibikoresho muburyo bwo gukora binyuze mumashanyarazi akora cyane, kandi nyuma yumuvuduko nubushyuhe runaka, ibikoresho bya reberi bikora imiterere nubunini bukenewe mubibumbano.
Inzira yihariye niyi ikurikira:
Imirimo yo kwitegura: harimo reberi yibikoresho byo kugenzura, kumisha, kubishyushya nibindi bikorwa, hamwe no gushushanya, gukora no gukemura. Kugenzura ibikoresho fatizo bya reberi ni ngombwa kugirango harebwe niba ubuziranenge n’imikorere y’ibikoresho fatizo byujuje ibisabwa ku bicuruzwa. Kurugero, kubicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bikora cyane bya reberi, nk'ipine yimodoka, kashe, nibindi, birakenewe guhitamo ibikoresho byiza bya reberi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kugirango harebwe imbaraga, kwambara no kurwanya gusaza ibicuruzwa. Mugihe cyo kumisha no gushyushya, ubushyuhe nigihe bigomba kugenzurwa cyane kugirango wirinde gukama cyane cyangwa gushyushya bidahagije ibikoresho bya rubber. Igishushanyo nogukora ibishushanyo bigomba gutegurwa neza ukurikije imiterere, ingano nibikorwa bisabwa kugirango ibicuruzwa bigerweho neza.
Umusaruro wibikoresho: Ibice byumye byumye byongewe kumashanyarazi, kandi ibikoresho byabanje gutunganywa nuburyo bukurikirana nko gushyushya no gusohora. Muriyi nzira, imikorere na parameter Igenamiterere rya rubber extruder irakomeye cyane. Kurugero, ubushyuhe bwa extruder, umuvuduko wa screw nibindi bipimo bizagira ingaruka muburyo bwa plastike hamwe nubwiza bwibikoresho bya reberi. Muri rusange, ubushyuhe bwa extruder burashobora kuba hagati ya 100 ° C na 150 ° C, kandi umuvuduko wa screw urashobora kuba hagati ya revolisiyo icumi kugeza kuri magana kumunota, kandi ibipimo byihariye bigomba guhinduka ukurikije ubwoko nibikorwa bisabwa mubikoresho bya reberi.
Gushushanya: Ibikoresho byateguwe mbere yo kugaburirwa bigaburirwa mububiko n'imashini yo gutera inshinge kugirango bibumbwe. Muri iki gihe, igitutu nubushyuhe bigomba guhuzwa kugirango ibikoresho bibisi bibe umusaruro wuburyo bwifuzwa nubunini. Umuvuduko nubushyuhe muburyo bwo kubumba nibintu byingenzi, umuvuduko urashobora kuba hagati ya mpa icumi kugeza kuri magana, kandi ubushyuhe burashobora kuba hagati ya 150 ° C na 200 ° C. Ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya reberi bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye kubitutu nubushyuhe, urugero, kubicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bya reberi, nka ecran ya reberi, ibyuma bikurura ikiraro, nibindi, hakenewe umuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe kugirango ibicuruzwa bibe byiza.
Kwikuramo compression: Nyuma yo kubumba birangiye, birakenewe gukonjesha no kumanura kugirango ukureho reberi mubibumbano. Igikorwa cyo gukonjesha kigomba gukorwa buhoro buhoro kugirango wirinde guhindagurika cyangwa guturika ibicuruzwa kubera ihindagurika ryihuse. Witondere mugihe cyo kumanuka kugirango wirinde kwangiza ibicuruzwa.
(2) Ibiranga ibyiza
Ubushobozi bumwe bwo kubyaza umusaruro: ubushobozi bumwe bwo gukora imashini itera imashini ya rubber isanzwe iri hagati ya garama icumi na kilo nyinshi, biteza imbere cyane umusaruro wibicuruzwa byarangiye.
Ibicuruzwa bihanitse neza: Imashini ishushanya reberi irashobora kugenzura neza ubushyuhe, umuvuduko nibindi bipimo byibikoresho mugihe cyo kubumba, bityo bikazamura neza neza ibicuruzwa.
Inzinguzingo ngufi: Kuberako imashini ya rubber ishobora gukora ibicuruzwa byinshi icyarimwe, kandi ubushobozi bwo kubyara ni bunini, uburyo bwo kubumba ni bugufi. Kurugero, mugukora ibice bimwe byimodoka, gukoresha uburyo bwo kubumba inshinge birashobora kunoza cyane umusaruro no kugabanya umusaruro.
Ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byarangiye: gushushanya inshinge za reberi birashobora kugabanya ibicuruzwa kubera imiterere idahwitse, ibibyimba nibindi bibazo, kuburyo ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bwazamutse cyane. Kurugero, kashe yimodoka ikorwa na reberi yo gutera inshinge ifite kashe nziza kandi irwanya kwambara, ishobora kuzamura imikorere nubuzima bwa serivisi bwimodoka.
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo guterwa inshinge za plastike na reberi
(1) Itandukaniro mubiranga ibikoresho fatizo
Ibikoresho fatizo bya plastiki mubisanzwe ni thermoplastique cyangwa resmosetting resin, ifite ubukana bwinshi kandi bukomeye, kandi ibikoresho fatizo bya plastiki bitandukanye bifite imikorere itandukanye, nkimbaraga, ubukana, kurwanya ubushyuhe nibindi. Kurugero, polyethylene ifite imiti irwanya imiti hamwe n’amashanyarazi, ariko imbaraga zayo n’ubushyuhe biroroshye; Polystirene ifite umucyo mwinshi no gukomera, ariko iracitse. Ibi biranga byerekana ko plastiki isaba ubushyuhe bwihariye nigipimo cyumuvuduko mugihe cyo guterwa inshinge kugirango harebwe niba ibikoresho fatizo bishobora gushonga byuzuye kandi byuzuza umwobo.
Ibikoresho fatizo bya reberi ni reberi isanzwe cyangwa reberi yubukorikori, ifite ubuhanga bworoshye kandi bworoshye. Ubusanzwe reberi yoroshye kandi yoroshye guhindagurika muburyo butemewe, mugihe ifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi ikambara kwihanganira nyuma yibirunga. Imiterere ya elastike ya reberi ituma biba ngombwa kuzirikana igipimo cyo kugabanuka no kwihanganira ibintu muburyo bwo guterwa inshinge kugirango harebwe niba ibipimo bifatika kandi bihamye neza. Kurugero, mugihe utegura ibishushanyo byibicuruzwa bya reberi, ni ngombwa kuzirikana ko igipimo cyo kugabanuka kwa reberi ari kinini, ubusanzwe kiri hagati ya 1% -5%, mugihe igabanuka rya plastike muri rusange riri hagati ya 0.5% na 2%.
(2) Itandukaniro mubice byimikorere
Ku bijyanye n'ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bwo guterwa inshinge za plastike mubusanzwe buri hejuru, kandi ibikoresho bitandukanye bya plastiki bifite ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo gushonga. Kurugero, ubushyuhe bwo gushonga bwa polyethylene mubusanzwe buri hagati ya 120 ° C na 140 ° C, naho ubushyuhe bwo gushonga bwa polystirene bugera kuri 180 ° C na 220 ° C. Ubushyuhe bwo gutera inshinge ni buke ugereranije, muri rusange hagati ya 100 ° C na 200 ° C, kandi ubushyuhe bwihariye buterwa nubwoko nibikorwa bya reberi. Kurugero, ubushyuhe bwibirunga bwa reberi karemano busanzwe buri hagati ya 140 ° C na 160 ° C, kandi ubushyuhe bwikirunga bwa reberi yubukorikori bushobora kuba butandukanye.
Ku bijyanye n’umuvuduko, gushushanya inshinge za pulasitike bisaba umuvuduko mwinshi wo gutera inshinge, muri rusange hagati ya mpa kugeza kuri magana, kugira ngo utsinde imbaraga zo gushonga mugikorwa cyo gutemba kandi urebe ko gushonga bishobora kuzuza umwobo. Umuvuduko wo gutera inshinge ni muke, mubisanzwe hagati ya mpa mirongo kugeza kuri magana, ariko kubicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bya reberi, hashobora gukenerwa umuvuduko mwinshi. Kurugero, mugihe utanga ibicuruzwa binini nka reberi yingoma ya reberi hamwe nicyuma gikurura ikiraro, hakenewe umuvuduko mwinshi kugirango ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa bibe.
(3) Itandukaniro mubiranga ibicuruzwa
Kubijyanye nimiterere, gushushanya inshinge za plastike birashobora kubyara ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bifite imiterere igoye, nkibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bifite imyenge yimbere, imiterere yinyuma, nibindi.
Kubyerekeranye nukuri, gushushanya inshinge za plastike birashobora kubyara ibicuruzwa bifite uburinganire buringaniye, kandi kwihanganira ibipimo birashobora kugenzurwa hagati yinsinga nke ninsinga nyinshi. Ubusobanuro bwibicuruzwa bibumbabumbwe byerekana ko biri hasi cyane, ariko kubintu bimwe na bimwe bikora cyane bya reberi, nka kashe yimodoka, nibindi, birashobora kandi kugera kubisabwa byukuri.
Kubijyanye no gukoresha, ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bikoreshwa cyane mubikenerwa bya buri munsi, ibicuruzwa byinganda nizindi nzego, nkibikoresho byo kumeza, ibikinisho, igikonjo cyamashanyarazi, ibice byimodoka nibindi. Ibicuruzwa bya reberi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mumodoka, imashini, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nizindi nzego, nk'ipine, kashe, imashini zikurura n'ibindi.
Umwanzuro
Hariho itandukaniro rigaragara hagati yo guterwa inshinge za plastike na reberi mubikoresho fatizo, ibipimo ngenderwaho nibiranga ibicuruzwa.
Urebye ibintu bibaranga ibintu fatizo, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki mubisanzwe ni thermoplastique cyangwa thermosetting resin, bifite ubukana bwinshi kandi bukomeye, kandi plastiki zitandukanye zifite imiterere itandukanye. Ibikoresho fatizo bya reberi ni reberi isanzwe cyangwa reberi yubukorikori, ifite ubuhanga bworoshye kandi bworoshye.
Ukurikije ibipimo ngenderwaho, ubushyuhe bwo gutera inshinge ya plastike buri hejuru, ubushyuhe bwo gushonga buringaniye bwa plastiki zitandukanye buratandukanye, kandi igitutu cyo gutera inshinge kiri hejuru kugirango barebe ko gushonga byuzuye umwobo. Ubushyuhe bwo gutera inshinge ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, umuvuduko nawo uri muke, ariko ibicuruzwa binini bya reberi birashobora gusaba umuvuduko mwinshi.
Ibiranga ibicuruzwa, gushushanya inshinge zirashobora gukora ibicuruzwa bigoye, byuzuye, bikoreshwa cyane mubuzima bwa buri munsi ninganda. Bitewe na elastique nyinshi, ibicuruzwa bya reberi mubisanzwe biroroshye muburyo bworoshye kandi biri hasi yukuri, ariko ibicuruzwa bikora cyane birashobora kandi kuba byujuje ibyangombwa bisobanutse neza, cyane cyane bikoreshwa mumodoka, imashini, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nizindi nzego.
Izi nzira ebyiri zo gutera inshinge ningirakamaro mu nganda zijyanye. Mu nganda zikoreshwa mu bikoresho bya pulasitike, gushushanya inshinge za pulasitike birakora neza, bihendutse, birashobora guhaza ibikenerwa n’umusaruro munini, kandi bitanga ibicuruzwa byinshi bitandukanye mu mirima itandukanye. Mu nganda zikora reberi, ubushobozi bumwe bwo kubyaza umusaruro inshinge nini, ibicuruzwa birasobanutse neza, uburyo bwo kubumba ni bugufi, kandi ibicuruzwa byarangiye ni byiza cyane, bitanga ibice byingenzi na kashe hamwe nibindi bicuruzwa kumodoka, imashini nizindi nganda, bigatuma iterambere rihamye ryinganda. Muri make, gushushanya inshinge za plastike na reberi bigira uruhare rudasubirwaho mubikorwa bigezweho, kandi ibiranga nibyiza nabyo bitanga inkunga ikomeye mugutezimbere inganda zitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-08-2024